Status of road in our country(India) 2020

Status of road in our country(India)

Roads in India

Roads are an important mode of transport in India.India has the one of largest road network (second largest road network after the United road network) across the world Over 5,603,293 kilometers (3,481,725 mi), United States with 6,702,178 kilometers( 4,164,540 mi ). This road network transports 64.5 percent of all goods in the country and 90 percent of India's passenger traffic uses road network to commute. Road transportation has gradually increases over the years with the improvement of connectivity between cities, towns and villages in the country.

At 1.70 kilometers (1.06 mi ) of roads per square kilometers of land ,the quantitative density of India's road network is higher than that of Japan (0.91 km, 0.57 mi) and the United State (0.99 km, 0.62 mi), and substantially higher than that of China (0.46 km, 0.29 mi), Brazil (0.18 km , 0.11 mi) and Russia (0.08 km, 0.050 mi).

India has approximately 4.63 kilometers(2.88 mi) of roads per 1000 people. As of 31 March 2016 , 62.5% of Indian roads were paved.

Market size

The construction of highway reached 9,829 km during FY18 which was constructed at an average of 26.93 km per day. The Government of India has set a target for construction of 10,000 km national highway in FY19.

Total length of roads constructed under Prime Minister's Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was 47,447 km in 2017-2018.

The length of National highways in India has increased from 70,934 km (44,076 mi) in 2010-2011 to 142,126 km (88,313 mi) in 2018-2019. According to Ministry of road Transport and Highways, as of March 2019,India has about 142,126 kilometers (88,313 mi ) of national highways and expressway,plus another 176,166 kilometers (109,464 mi ) of State Highways.

Major projects are being implemented under the

National Highways Development Project, a government initiative .

Types of Road and It's Status

Non-urban Roads:

Non-urban roads within the country are classified into six types:

1) Expressways:

(Instruction -: Category - Managing Authority - Length )
(Expressways - Ministry of Road Transport and Highways - 1455 km)

Expressway are high - speed roads that are four or more lanes, entrance and exit is controlled by the use of ramps that are incorporated into the design of the expressway. The government has drawn up a target to build a 18,637 - kilometer (11,580 mi) network of new expressways by 2022.

-- In 2013 it is approximately 1,583 km (984 mi).

-- NEAI (National Expressway Authority of India) operating under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. 

-Total Expressway in India (Operational) - approx 21 to 25

- Operational Expressway in India - 15,814 km

-Best National Expressway - The Ahemdabad Vadodara Expressway also known as the best expressway in India (95 km long)

-Longest Expressway in India - Agra - Lucknow expressway, 302 km long.

- Max. limit(cars- 120 km/h and two wheelers - 80 km/h)

The purpose of expressways would be to cater for motility of large volumes of motor traffic at high speeds They connect major areas of increasing visitor count and they are intended to serve trips of medium and long length in between prominent residential areas, industrial or business concentrations and the central business district They may

be divided highways with high standards of geometric and full or partial control of access and provided generally with grade separation at intersections Vehicle parking, loading and unloading of products and passengers and pedestrian traffic are not allowed on these kinds of highways

2) National Highways:

(Instruction -: Category - Managing Authority - Length(km) - Length share)

(National Highways - Ministry of Road Transport and Highways - 101,011 km - 1.80% )
These include main highways running throughout the distance and breadth of the country connection major parts, highways of adjoining countries, State capitals, large commercial and tourist centers etc.
- Managed by NHAI and Infrastructure Development Corporation (NHIDCL) and public works department (PWDs) of state government.
- NH was established by the National highways authority of India Act, 1988.
- National highways in India - 228.
- Total length of National  highway - 1,31,326 km.
- Maximum speed(two- wheelers) - 80 km/h
- Cars - 100 km/h
-Longest National highway in India - NH 44, 3745 km long and covers North- South Corridor, it starts from Srinagar in the North and ends in Kanyakumari in the South.
- Shortest National Highway in India - NH 47A which starts from NH 47 at Kundannur. 

3) State Highways:

(Instruction -: Category - Managing Authority - Length - Length share)

(State highways - Public works department of state/union territory - 176,166 km - 3.14%)

These include main arterial routes of any state connecting district headquarters and major cities in the state and connecting these with National Highways of the neighboring states.

4) Major District Roads:

(Instruction -: Category - Managing Authority - Length - Length share)

(District Roads - Public works department of state/union territory - 561,940 km - 10.03% )
They are essential roads with a district serving parts of production and markets, and linking these together or while using the main highways

5) Other District Roads:

They’re streets serving non-urban areas of production and providing them with outlet to market centers, Taluka /tehsil headquarters or other main roads.

6) Village Roads:

These are roads joining villages or group of villages with each other and also to the nearest road of any higher class

Urban Roads:

(Instruction -: Category - Managing Authority - Length - Length share)

(Urban roads - Municipal corporations and municipalities - 509,730 km - 9.10%)
Urban roads are classified into your following five categories:

1) Expressways:

The function of expressways is the similar regardless of if the traverse through urban areas or non-cities.

Expressway are high - speed roads that are four or more lanes, entrance and exit is controlled by the use of ramps that are incorporated into the design of the expressway. The government has drawn up a target to build a 18,637 - kilometer (11,580 mi) network of new expressways by 2022.
-- In 2013 it is approximately 1,583 km (984 mi).
-- NEAI (National Expressway Authority of India) operating under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. 

2. Arterial Streets:

This system of streets, together with expressways where they exist,serves as the key network for through traffic flows Significant intra-urban travel, for instance, among central downtown and outlying residential areas or between significant suburban ‘zones develops on this system These roadways may generally be spaced under 1-5 km in hugely developed central business places and at 8 km or maybe more in sparsely developed urban fringes The arterial streets are generally divided highways with full or partial access Parking, loading and unloading activities are usually restricted and regulated Pedestrians should cross only at intersections

3) Sub-arterial Streets:

These include functionally much like arterial streets but with somewhat lower level of travel mobility Their spacing are different from about 0 – 5 km in the central downtown to three – 5 km inside the sub-urban fringes

4) Collector Streets:

The function of collector streets should be to collect visitors from nearby streets and feed it for the arterial and sub-arterial streets or vice versa These may be located in residential neighbor hoods, commercial areas and industrial areas Usually, complete approach is granted on these roadways from abutting properties There are not car parking limitations apart from during the peak hours

5) Local Streets:

These are intended mainly to supply use of abutting properly and normally will not carry substantial amounts of traffic Majority of visits in urban areas originate from or terminate on these roads
 Local streets could possibly be non commercial, commercial or industrial, depending on the predominant use of the nearby area. They permit unrestricted parking and pedestrian movements

Rural Roads -:

(Instruction -: Category - Managing Authority - Length(km) - Length share)

(Rural roads - Panchayats and PMGSY - 3,935,337 km - 70.23% )